Correlations of physicochemical parameters with metal contamination

Uranium and arsenic mining across the Navajo Nation has left a legacy of contamination that continues to threaten water security for many communities. Building on Dr. Jani Ingram’s long-standing collaboration with the Navajo Nation, quarterly samples are collected from key sites at Coppermine in locations historically affected by uranium extraction and milling. The Calvo Lab is expanding the analysis of these samples by characterizing low-cost physical, chemical, and biological parameters closely linked to heavy metal behavior, including alkalinity, conductivity, hardness, TDS, nitrates, nitrites, and sulfates. These indicators help reveal correlations with metal concentrations and may uncover additional contaminants of concern. Together, these efforts will generate actionable data, support mitigation strategies, and advance Arizona’s Water for All mission by strengthening water security for communities long impacted by environmental injustice.